NT Lesson 97-98 Acts 23-28

https://www.lds.org/manual/new-testament-seminary-teacher-manual?lang=eng

Lesson 97: Acts 23–26

Introduction

Jewish leaders questioned Paul, and a band of Jews conspired to kill him. Paul was taken to Caesarea, where he defended himself against false charges before several Roman leaders. He recounted his conversion and testified of Jesus Christ.

I. Acts 23–25  Paul is persecuted, tried, and imprisoned

---Before class, write the following on a piece of paper: God’s commandments and blessings. Use tape or string to mark off an area of the classroom, and place the paper on the floor within this designated area. When class begins, invite a student to stand in the area that represents God’s commandments and blessings.

• As we come closer to God by following His commandments and teachings, what are some of the blessings we can receive?

---Invite the student to walk out of the area that represents God’s commandments and blessings.

• What are some influences of the world that might entice someone to turn away from and stop living according to the commandments and teachings of God?
• What can happen when people distance themselves from God?

---Thank the student, and invite him or her to be seated. Ask students to ponder which direction they are currently facing and how close to or far away from Heavenly Father they feel. Invite students to look for truths as they study Acts 23–26 that will help them when they feel they have distanced themselves from God and His blessings.

---Remind students that Paul was arrested outside the temple in Jerusalem and brought before Jewish leaders (see Acts 21:30–33; 22:23–30). Summarize Acts 23:1–10 by explaining that Paul was questioned by these Jewish leaders and imprisoned.

---Invite a student to read Acts 23:11 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what happened while Paul was in prison. Invite students to report what they find.

• What did the Lord tell Paul in prison?

---Remind students of the promise recorded in Acts 18:9–10 that the Lord would be with Paul and protect him as he did the Lord’s work. Invite students to consider marking the phrase “the Lord stood by him” and writing Acts 18:9–10 as a cross-reference in the margin next to verse 11.

---Invite a student to read the following summary aloud:

In Acts 23:12–25:27 we learn that the Roman captain who had arrested Paul sent him to Caesarea to prevent a band of Jews from killing him. Paul declared his innocence before the Roman governor Felix. Although convinced of Paul’s innocence, Felix continued to keep Paul under house arrest for two years. Festus replaced Felix as the Roman governor of Judea. King Herod Agrippa, who ruled an area located northeast of the Sea of Galilee, visited Festus and desired to hear Paul’s case. Paul was brought before King Agrippa.

II. Acts 26  Paul recounts his conversion and testifies of Jesus Christ before King Agrippa

---Invite a few students to take turns reading aloud from Acts 26:4–11. Ask the class to follow along, looking for how Paul described his past to King Agrippa.

• How did Paul describe his past to King Agrippa?

---Paul then recounted his vision of the Savior. Invite a student to read Acts 26:16–18 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for the mission the Lord gave to Paul on the road to Damascus.

• What mission did the Lord give to Paul? (You may want to suggest that students mark phrases that describe the mission the Lord gave to Paul.)

---In this context the word inheritance (verse 18) refers to entrance into the celestial kingdom of God.

• What can help someone turn away from darkness and the influence of Satan and turn toward the light and the commandments and blessings of God?

---Invite a student to read Acts 26:19–23 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what Paul said he had taught both Jews and Gentiles they must do to receive the blessings mentioned in verse 18. You might explain that the phrase “do works meet for repentance” in verse 20 can mean to live righteously in order to demonstrate you have truly repented.

• According to verse 20, what had Paul taught both Jews and Gentiles to do?

---Write the following incomplete statement on the board: If we repent and turn to God …

• Based on what we learn in verse 18, how would you complete the statement on the board? (Summarize students’ responses by completing the statement on the board so it reads as follows: If we repent and turn to God, we can overcome Satan’s power in our lives, receive forgiveness for our sins, and qualify for the celestial kingdom.)

---To help students understand this principle, invite a student to read aloud the following statement by Elder Neil L. Andersen of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (consider providing students with a copy of the statement):

“When we sin, we turn away from God. When we repent, we turn back toward God.

“The invitation to repent is rarely a voice of chastisement but rather a loving appeal to turn around and to ‘re-turn’ toward God [see Helaman 7:17]. It is the beckoning of a loving Father and His Only Begotten Son to be more than we are, to reach up to a higher way of life, to change, and to feel the happiness of keeping the commandments” (“Repent … That I May Heal You,” Ensign or Liahona, Nov. 2009, 40).

• According to Elder Andersen, what can we achieve as we repent and turn back toward Heavenly Father and Jesus Christ?

---Invite students to look as they continue to study Acts 26 for what prevented Festus and King Agrippa from repenting, turning to God, and becoming converted to Jesus Christ. Write the following incomplete statement on the board: To become converted to Jesus Christ …

---Divide students into pairs. Invite students to read Acts 26:24–28 with their partners. Ask them to identify and compare the ways in which Festus and King Agrippa each reacted to Paul’s teachings and testimony of the Savior. As students read and discuss with their partners, copy the following chart on the board (do not include the statements under each heading):

Reactions to Paul’s Teachings
Festus	King Agrippa
Spoke in a loud voice Said Paul was beside himself Accused Paul of being mad	Almost persuaded to become a Christian

---After sufficient time, invite several students to come to the board and write what they found (responses should be similar to the phrases in the chart above).

• What does Festus’s reaction reveal about his opinion of Paul’s teachings? (Add the word Disbelief to students’ responses under the heading “Festus.”)
• According to verse 27, what did Paul say he knew about King Agrippa? (Add Believed the prophets under the heading “King Agrippa.”)
• What can we learn from Agrippa’s comment to Paul about Agrippa’s commitment to be a Christian (see verse 28)? (Add Not willing to fully commit under the heading “King Agrippa.”)

--Invite a student to read Acts 26:29 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for how Paul responded to King Agrippa’s comment that he was almost persuaded to be a Christian.

• What did Paul desire for the king and all those who had heard his teachings?
• What do you think prevented Festus from becoming converted to Jesus Christ?
• What do you think prevented King Agrippa from becoming converted?
• What can we learn from Festus and King Agrippa about what we must do to become converted to Jesus Christ? (Students may use different words, but make sure they identify the following principle: To become converted to Jesus Christ, we must choose to believe in and be fully committed to living the gospel.)

---To help students understand this principle, invite a student to read aloud the following account by President Dieter F. Uchtdorf of the First Presidency:

“Two young brothers stood atop a small cliff that overlooked the pristine waters of a blue lake. This was a popular diving spot, and the brothers had often talked about making the jump—something they had seen others do.

“Although they both wanted to make the jump, neither one wanted to be first. The height of the cliff wasn’t that great, but to the two young boys, it seemed the distance increased whenever they started to lean forward—and their courage was fading fast.

“Finally, one brother put one foot at the edge of the cliff and moved decisively forward. At that moment his brother whispered, ‘Maybe we should wait until next summer.’

The first brother’s momentum, however, was already pulling him forward. ‘Brother,’ he responded, ‘I’m committed!’

“He splashed into the water and surfaced quickly with a victorious shout. The second brother followed instantly. Afterward, they both laughed about the first boy’s final words before plunging into the water: ‘Brother, I’m committed.’

“Commitment is a little like diving into the water. Either you are committed or you are not. Either you are moving forward or you are standing still. There’s no halfway. …

“Those who are only sort of committed may expect to only sort of receive the blessings of testimony, joy, and peace. The windows of heaven might only be sort of open to them. …

“In some way, each of us stands at a decision point overlooking the water. It is my prayer that we will have faith, move forward, face our fears and doubts with courage, and say to ourselves, ‘I’m committed!’” (“Brother, I’m Committed,” Ensign, July 2011, 4, 5).

• How is committing to living the gospel like diving into the water?
• According to President Uchtdorf, why is it important to be fully committed rather than “sort of committed” to living the gospel?
• How has your commitment to living a commandment or principle of the gospel helped strengthen your conversion to Jesus Christ? (Consider sharing an example of your own.)

000Invite students to write in their class notebooks or scripture study journals a list of commandments or gospel principles that they feel they are fully committed to living. Ask them to consider any principles of the gospel that they feel “almost” but not “altogether” (Acts 26:29) committed to living. Invite students to write a goal of what they can do to increase their understanding of and commitment to one of these principles. Encourage students to pray for help as they strive to become converted to Jesus Christ by more fully living the gospel.

---In Acts 26:30–32 Festus and King Agrippa found Paul innocent and would have freed him, but because Paul had appealed his case to Caesar they were required to send him to Rome.

---Conclude by reviewing and testifying of the principles taught in Acts 23–26.

Commentary and Background Information

Acts 25:13. Who was Herod Agrippa?

For a helpful chart showing the relationships between the various members of the Herodian family mentioned in the New Testament, see the entry “Herod” in the Bible Dictionary.

“Herod Agrippa II (also called Marcus Julius Agrippa) was the seventh and last king in the Jewish Herodian dynasty. He ruled the territory northeast of the Sea of Galilee from about A.D. 55 to 93. He was the son of Herod Agrippa I, who ordered the death of James and imprisoned Peter (see Acts 12:1–4); the grandson of Herod Antipas, who had John the Baptist beheaded (see Matthew 14:1–12); and the great-grandson of Herod the Great, who ordered the slaughter of the infants of Bethlehem (see Matthew 2:16).

“Agrippa’s kingdom lay to the north of Festus’s territory. Agrippa and his sister Bernice … visited Festus in Caesarea while Paul was imprisoned there. Because Agrippa was a Jew and was therefore more familiar with Jewish affairs than Festus, who was a Roman, Festus hoped that Agrippa could help him understand the accusations against Paul and also help draft his letter to Caesar (see Acts 25:24–27; 26:3)” (New Testament Student Manual [Church Educational System manual, 2014], 326).

Acts 26:24. “Paul, thou art beside thyself; much learning doth make thee mad”

The Prophet Joseph Smith compared the persecution he experienced after his First Vision to the experiences of the Apostle Paul (see Joseph Smith—History 1:24–25). Both Paul and Joseph Smith saw the Savior and heard His voice. Both testified that they had seen a vision. As a result, both were persecuted and reviled, yet they remained true to their witness and testimony of Jesus Christ. In addition, there are multiple accounts of Joseph Smith’s First Vision, just as there are multiple accounts of Paul’s vision of the Savior (see Acts 9:3–9; Acts 22:6–11; Acts 26:13–18). Despite minor differences in detail, their multiple accounts agree in the essential truth that each of them saw and spoke with Jesus Christ.

Acts 26:28. “Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian”

While serving as a member of the Seventy, Elder Bruce C. Hafen taught:

“If we must give all that we have, then our giving only almost everything is not enough. If we almost keep the commandments, we almost receive the blessings” (“The Atonement: All for All,” Ensign or Liahona, May 2004, 98).

President Harold B. Lee applied the words of King Agrippa to members of the Church who attempt to excuse themselves from keeping the commandments:

“A good bishop made an interesting comment about what he called the saddest words that he knows of a man in high station. He read from the words in the days of the Apostle Paul when Paul before King Agrippa had borne his powerful testimony of his conversion. King Agrippa’s reply was, ‘Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian.’ (Acts 26:28.) Then the bishop said, ‘The king knew the truth but he lacked the courage to do that which would be required. …’

“And then [the bishop] characterized some things that he discovered in his own ward in a short but powerful sermon. ‘In response to the Master, “Come … follow me” (Mark 10:21), some members almost,’ he said, ‘but not quite, say, “thou persuadest me almost to be honest but I need extra help to pass a test.”’ …

“[The bishop continued,] ‘Almost thou persuadest me to keep the Sabbath day holy, but it’s fun to play ball on Sunday.

“‘Almost thou persuadest me to love my neighbor, but he is a rascal; to be tolerant of others’ views, but they are dead wrong; … to go home teaching, but it’s so cold and damp outside tonight; to pay tithes and offerings, but we do need a new color TV. … Almost! Almost! Almost!’” (in Conference Report, Apr. 1964, 23–24).

Supplemental Teaching Idea

Acts 26. Video Presentation—“Paul: A Chosen Vessel”

Instead of inviting students to read Acts 26:24–29, consider showing the video “Paul: A Chosen Vessel” (time code 3:47–8:32), which can be found on LDS.org. Invite students to listen and watch for how Festus and King Agrippa each reacted to Paul’s teachings and his testimony of the Savior.

Play

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Ask questions that help students identify doctrines and principles

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Lesson 98: Acts 27–28

Introduction

While traveling to Rome as a prisoner, Paul was shipwrecked on an island. On the island, he was bitten by a snake but remained unharmed, and he healed many who were sick. Paul was eventually taken to Rome, where he lived under house arrest for two years and taught and testified of Jesus Christ.

I. Acts 27  Paul is shipwrecked as he journeys to Rome

---Before class begins write the following statements on the board. (These statements are found in For the Strength of Youth [booklet, 2011], 4, 11, 16.)

“Avoid going on frequent dates with the same person.”

“Do not attend, view, or participate in anything that is vulgar, immoral, violent, or pornographic in any way.”

“If your friends urge you to do things that are wrong, be the one to stand for the right, even if you stand alone.”

---Invite a student to read aloud the statements written on the board.

• Why might some youth choose not to heed these statements of warning and counsel?

---Invite students to look for truths as they study Acts 27 that will help strengthen their faith to heed the warnings and counsel of the Lord’s servants.

---Remind students that Paul had been falsely charged with treason and imprisoned. Paul appealed his case to Caesar in Rome, which was his right as a Roman citizen. Summarize Acts 27:1–8 by explaining that Paul traveled with other prisoners by boat toward Rome, under the custody of a Roman centurion (a Roman military officer who commanded 50 to 100 men). After sailing for many days, they stopped at a harbor on the island of Crete. As they were leaving the harbor, Paul warned those on the ship that they should not continue their journey.

---Invite a student to read Acts 27:9–10 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what Paul knew would happen if he and the others on the ship continued their journey to Rome. You may want to explain that the word fast in this context means voluntarily abstaining from eating. In this case “the fast” probably referred to the Jewish holy day called the day of Atonement, which marked the beginning of the season during which it was generally regarded as unsafe to travel on the Mediterranean Sea because of violent storms.

• According to verse 10, what warning and prophecy did Paul give about what would happen if they continued their journey?

---Invite a student to read Acts 27:11–12 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for how the Roman centurion and others on the ship responded to Paul’s warning.

• Rather than heeding Paul’s warning, whom did the centurion trust instead?
• Why do you think it may have been easier for the centurion to believe the owner of the ship rather than Paul?
• According to verse 12, why did most people on the ship ignore Paul’s warning? (Explain that the word haven refers to a harbor and commodious means comfortable or convenient.)

---Invite a few students to take turns reading aloud from Acts 27:13–21. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what happened as the ship continued toward Rome.

• What happened as the ship continued toward Rome?
• After seeing that the “south wind blew softly” (verse 13), what might the people on the ship have thought about Paul and the warning he gave?
• According to verse 20, what were the emotions of those on the ship during the tempest?
• As illustrated by Paul’s statement recorded in verse 21, what principle can we learn about what can happen if we ignore the warnings and counsel of the Lord’s servants? (Students may use different words but should identify the following principle: If we ignore the warnings and counsel of the Lord’s servants, then we put ourselves in danger. Write this principle on the board. Explain that the danger may include forfeiting blessings that we otherwise would have received.)

---Review with students the reasons the centurion and the other people on the ship ignored Paul’s warning and counsel (see Acts 27:11–12).

• How might people today make similar excuses for ignoring the warnings and counsel of the Lord’s servants?

---Using For the Strength of Youth or recent conference addresses, give additional examples of prophets’ warnings and counsel that you feel are relevant to students.

• What dangers might people put themselves in by ignoring such warnings and counsel from the prophets?

---Invite a student to read Acts 27:22–26 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what Paul told the people on the ship.

• If you were on the ship in the midst of the terrible storm, what words from Paul would comfort you?
• What did Paul prophesy would happen to the people and the ship?

---Acts 27:27–30 says that on the 14th night of the storm, the crew cast four anchors into the sea to prevent the ship from crashing into rocks. The crew then went to the front of the ship and acted as though they were about to cast more anchors. However, they were actually planning to abandon the ship and flee in a small boat because they feared the ship would sink.

---Invite a student to read Acts 27:31–32 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for the warning Paul gave the centurion and soldiers. Explain that the word these in verse 31 refers to the crew members who were trying to flee.

• What warning did Paul give the centurion and soldiers?
• How did the soldiers respond to Paul’s warning and counsel? (They heeded his warning and prevented the crew from escaping by cutting the small boat’s ropes and letting it drift away empty.)

---The next morning Paul pleaded with the crew, who had been fasting, to eat (see Acts 27:33–34). He assured them again that none of them would die.

---Invite a student to read Acts 27:35–36 aloud. Ask the class to follow along.

• How did the crew respond to Paul’s counsel?

---In Acts 27:37–41 the ship crashed as it sailed toward the island of Malta. Invite students to read Acts 27:42–44 silently, looking for what happened to the people on the ship.

• What happened to the people on the ship?

---Remind students of Paul’s prophecy recorded in Acts 27:22–26 that no one would die even though the ship would be lost.

• What principles can we learn from this account about what can happen if we heed the counsel and warnings of the Lord’s servants? (Students may identify principles such as the following: If we heed the counsel and warnings of the Lord’s servants, then the Lord will fulfill His promises to us. If we heed the counsel and warnings of the Lord’s servants, then we ---can withstand the dangers that threaten us. Write these principles on the board.)

To help students understand the principles they identified in Acts 27, invite a student to read aloud the following statement by President Henry B. Eyring of the First Presidency:

“Every time in my life when I have chosen to delay following inspired counsel or decided that I was an exception, I came to know that I had put myself in harm’s way. Every time that I have listened to the counsel of prophets, felt it confirmed in prayer, and then followed it, I have found that I moved toward safety” (“Finding Safety in Counsel,” Ensign, May 1997, 25).

• How has heeding the warnings and inspired counsel of the Lord’s servants helped you withstand dangers that threaten your spiritual and physical safety? (Remind students that they can study the counsel of the Lord’s modern prophets in Church magazines as well as in For the Strength of Youth.)

---Invite students to consider whether they are ignoring any warnings or counsel from the Lord’s servants or to think about ways they can better heed the warnings and counsel they have received. Invite students to write down a goal regarding how they will give better heed to that counsel.

II. Acts 28  Paul is taken to Rome, where he teaches and testifies of Jesus Christ

---Show students a picture of a tornado or whirlwind (or draw one on the board).

---Elder Neil L. Andersen of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles referred to life’s challenges and trials as “spiritual whirlwinds” (see “Spiritual Whirlwinds,” Ensign or Liahona, May 2014, 18–21).

• What are some examples of trials and difficulties that can be likened to whirlwinds?

---Invite students to look for a principle as they study Acts 28 that can help them faithfully endure the “spiritual whirlwinds” they face.

---In Acts 28 we read about Paul’s experiences on the island, his continued journey to Rome, and his imprisonment in Rome.

---Divide the class into three or more groups, depending on the size of your class. Assign each group one of the following scripture blocks: Acts 28:1–6; Acts 28:7–14; and Acts 28:16–24, giving the same block to multiple groups as needed. Invite each group to study their assigned scripture block and then do the following (write these instructions on the board):

1. Draw a picture or write a newspaper headline that summarizes the events described in your scripture block.
2. Show the class your picture or read your headline, and summarize the events described in your scripture block.

---After sufficient time, invite each group to report to the class. (If there are more than three groups, invite the groups with repeated scripture blocks to share their picture or headline and any further insights they obtained from their reading of their assigned verses.)

• What trials did Paul experience as he traveled to and dwelt in Rome?

---Invite a student to read Acts 28:30–31 aloud. Ask the class to follow along, looking for what Paul was able to do in Rome despite being put under house arrest. Ask students to report what they find.

• What did Paul do that showed he remained faithful to God despite the trials he experienced?
• What good came from the trials Paul experienced while at sea, while shipwrecked, and while imprisoned in Rome? (After students respond, write the following principle on the board: If we are faithful, God can help us turn trials into blessings for ourselves and others.)
• What are examples of ways God can help people turn trials into blessings for themselves and others?

• When has God helped you or someone you know turn a trial into a blessing for yourself or for others? (Consider sharing an example of your own.)

---Encourage students to follow Paul’s example and choose to remain faithful when they experience trials so that God can help them turn those trials into blessings for themselves and others.

Commentary and Background Information

Acts 28:17–31. Paul preached the gospel in Rome

“As far as we know, Paul was the first missionary to preach the gospel in Rome. As he had done in other cities, Paul preached first to the Jews, some of whom believed him, and then turned his attention to ‘all that came in unto him’ (Acts 28:30), many of whom were likely Gentiles. While under house arrest, Paul wrote what some term his ‘prison epistles’—Colossians, Ephesians, Philemon, and Philippians. After he spent two years under house arrest in Rome, it is believed that Paul was tried and released and that he thereafter ministered in Asia, Greece, and perhaps Spain before being imprisoned again in Rome. According to tradition, he was killed during the persecutions under Nero, sometime between A.D. 64 and 68. Paul alluded to his future death in 2 Timothy 4:6–8” (New Testament Student Manual [Church Educational System manual, 2014], 330).

Acts 28. If we are faithful, God can help us turn trials into blessings for ourselves and others

President John Taylor taught that as we remain faithful and obedient to the Lord, our trials can be for our good and blessing:

“Do you not see the necessity of these trials and afflictions and scenes we have to pass through? It is the Lord who puts us in positions that are the most calculated to promote the best interest of his people. My opinion is that, far from these things that now surround us being an injury to us and the kingdom of God, they will give it one of the greatest hoists [or lifts] that it has ever had yet, and all is right and all will be right if we keep the commandments of God. What is the position, then, that we ought to occupy—every man, woman and child? Do our duty before God, honor him, and all is right. And concerning events yet to transpire, we must trust them in the hands of God and feel that whatever is, is right, and that God will control all things for our best good and the interest of his church and kingdom on the earth” (Teachings of Presidents of the Church: John Taylor [2011], 206–7).

© 2016 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved.

Right margin extras:

Ask questions that help students understand doctrines and principles

After identifying doctrines and principles, students need to understand them before they can meaningfully apply them. Ask questions that will lead to a clearer understanding of the meaning of a particular doctrine or principle, encourage students to consider the doctrine or principle in a modern context, or invite students to explain their understanding of the doctrine or principle.